On February 7, a discussion club of PB was held in the Irkutsk House of Architects. It was devoted to the theme of the current issue, “Regions. Peripheries and Centres”. The round table brought together academician Andrey Bokov, historian and publisher Alexander Gimelshteyn, architect and publisher Elena Grigoryeva, architect Andrey Makarov and businessman Sergey Mayarenkov. Konstantin Lidin was its moderator.
This year, the spring is full of events. In April the winners of the open architectural competition for the reconstruction of the D.A. Hvorostovsky Krasnoyarsk State Opera and Ballet Theatre were announced (16). The annual meeting of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences was held in Moscow (7-15). The program article of academician Dmitry Shvidkovsky contains many serious thoughts about the role of the architect in the context of these difficult times, among which is one that sounds particularly relevant for historic cities (to which Irkutsk has the honour to...
The news announces the 28th World Congress of Architects and the 6th Edition of the Baku International Architecture Award. It presents the results of the Golden Cubes Awards, the International Innovative Health Design Awards and the Competition for the Requalification of Byrsa Acropolis and Rehabilitation of the Carthage National Museum in Tunisia.
The article describes the new rules of the competition for medals and diplomas. It highlights the advantages of the new procedure and increased activity of applicants and voters. It also presents the winners of the competition.
Dmitry Shvidkovsky, President of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (RAACS), presented his report at the General Meeting of Members of the RAACS, which took place on 26-27 April 2023. His speech was focused on the preservation of architectural and urban planning heritage of Russia and the vision of its future.
The Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences continues to develop a new tradition of organising large exhibitions on the theme of the Academy’s general meetings. The exhibition on the theme “Reconstruction of Destroyed Cities” aims to compare the practices of urban reconstruction in the USSR, Japan, Western and Eastern Europe and in contemporary Russia. The exhibition covers cities that have been destroyed in military operations as well as those that have suffered from earthquakes. The presentation boards focus on the cities of Stalingrad, Smolensk, Sevastopol, Ashgabat,...
The article presents the winners of the open architectural competition for the development of an architectural and urban planning concept for the reconstruction of the D. A. Hvorostovsky Krasnoyarsk State Opera and Ballet Theatre built in the 1970s according to a design worked out by the architects from CNIIEP (Central Research Institute of Engineering Design) of theatre buildings and sports facilities.
In 1973, the Irkutsk Polytechnic Institute announced enrollment in the specialty Architecture. Groups A-73–1, 2 and 3 were taught by practicing architects V. A. Pavlov, V. E. Sukhanov, V. P. Shmatkov, V. F. Buch, S. M. Grigoriev, M. Ya. Ashikhmina, department assistants V.M. Rutkovskaya, V. V. Buev, V. T. Shcherbin, artist A. S. Shipitsyn.
We present an overview of cultural and architectural events of the first 4 months of 2023 held in Moscow and Irkutsk.
From 7 to 12 March, the 17th All-Russian Architectural Festival “ArchBukhta. Refraction” was held at the forum site of the AllRussian Youth Environmental Campus ECO.TSEKH on the territory of the former BPPM. The theme is interpreted broadly – from physical phenomena to human experiences. The article describes the works of the Festival winners.
The article outlines the results of the 24th International Baikal Winter Urban Planning Seminar of the International Baikal Winter University of Urban Planning Design in Irkutsk and Usolye-Sibirskoye. The comparative study shows how the teams developed a strategy for revitalising the Siberian city and searching for new socio-spatial opportunities. Participation of students in interdisciplinary project teams provides the opportunity not only to consolidate the academic material, but also to learn how to create promising ideas together, taking into account the demanding realities of urban...
The article provides an overview of ARCHIGESH 2023, a festival of the ski club of architects. The festival’s areas of focus, its main events and its participants are presented. The ARCH-CONCEPT educational programme, as well as entertainment and sports programmes are described.
Not so long ago it seemed that the problem of borders remained only in philosophical, artistic and epistemological contexts. Regions had no borders. They were perceived as peripheries, regardless of their location. Regions do not want to be identified with a hinterland, that is why we have “centres” everywhere. In the hindermost of the villages, there are several “centres”: shopping, leisure, cultural, religious, etc. While thinking only in terms of centres, clusters and nodes, we tend to overlook a large part of the world that consists of peripheries, provinces, suburbs, hinterlands......
The article deals with a special symbolic discourse of the city, which is based on the anthropomorphization of its architectural and spatial body. “Anatomical” optics of both the city and the urbanized landscape as a whole has a long history and, while transforming, continues to determine the perception of the city and the region today. The most important place in the symbolic anatomy of the city is taken by the image of the heart. The article analyses the image of the heart as a key concept of anatomical symbolism in culture in general and in urban discourse in particular.
Authentic Russian architecture has not yet manifested itself in historical specimens. It is waiting to do it in the future. It is given in history only as an awakening, which has not taken on its own forms. The specificity of Russian architecture may be seen through Russian literature. Later on, the new lines of development in both language and architecture will be closely linked to the reform of urbanization and settlement processes.
The external and internal image of Russia and the Russian influences the formation of national identity. The search for Russian identity in architecture in the nineteenth century gave rise to numerous artificial “Russian styles” created within the eclectic method. A special role was played by the Byzantine movement, since it was in Byzantium where the roots of Russian culture and Russian nationhood were looked for. A single Russian style does not exist, as well as a German style or an American style. An artificial search for the Russian in architecture is conditioned by ideology and...
The article deals with the problems of energy supply of the Russian Arctic remote territories inhabited, among others, by indigenous and small-numbered peoples. Taking into account the electricity, heat and fresh water shortage, as well as climate change, the authors consider the possibilities of using new technologies for creating local infrastructure facilities of renewable energy sources (RES) integrated into the conditions of the traditional way of life for the formation of a favorable habitat in harmony with nature.
Growing interest to the historical and cultural heritage and development of tourism actualizes the importance of information and communication means, which help to understand the existing urban landscape and increase the level of its comfort. A historical analysis of Kursk central streets has been made for this purpose. The authors consider the elements of pedestrian space structure as the basis for the arrangement of tourist route, as well as define the factors increasing their attractiveness. They give recommendations on how to form the urban interior with the use of design elements...
The multi-centre paradigm leads to the growing role of Russia’s eastern regions. Alongside the European centres of the country, historical and cultural ‘hubs’ located beyond the Urals are attracting more and more attention.Three successful annual architecture events have taken place in Siberia: the Baikal Zimnik workshop, the youth ArchBukhta, and the skiing Archigesh. Both young architects and honored masters willingly and fruitfully meet and discuss the development of domestic architecture and urbanism.Researchers from the Far East continue studying the architecture of...
The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of Russian engineers in the context of the construction and design of the Commercial Port of Vladivostok. It provides a brief review of the historical prerequisites of its formation and subsequent development. The authors identify and analyze the three stages of its pre-revolutionary development associated with the periods of formation, the first major modernization and rethinking of the port’s activities during the First World War. In this regard, the master plans for the development of the port zone have been studied, and the...
The article is devoted to architectural and planning peculiarities of the Vladivostok Railway Station. It analyses previously unpublished design drawings of the first building made by architect P. E. Bazilevsky and reconstruction drawings of the early 20th century made by V. A. Planson with participation of F. E. Niklevich and N. V. Konovalov.
The areas of large-scale residential development are becoming less and less suitable for modern requirements for high quality and comfort of the residential and urban environment. The main disadvantages of the residential areas are physical and moral deterioration of the building, degradation of adjacent territories, as well as outdated functional and planning morphology. The authors study the methods to create an individual algorithm for reconstruction of such areas. The example of micro-districts of Krasnoyarsk illustrates the methods of reconstruction with the preservation of the form...
The transformation of industrial conversion territories plays an important role in the strategy of the urban sustainable development. Rationality, efficiency and connectivity are becoming the main characteristics of the modern urban space. The formative factors of transformation are: the urban context, the area of the reconstructed plot and the presence of heritage. The main results are an increase of the urban comfort, effectiveness of the inner-city land use, as well as economic and social well-being.
The Peter and Paul Church built in 1872 in the village of Nagorny Ishtan is one of the most famous monuments of wooden architecture in Siberia. The article reveals the history of the settlement, the construction history of the church, determines the original architectural appearance and the appearance of the second construction stage. The article also presents the project of the architect E. E. Eremeev, according to which the temple was built in Nagorny Ishtan. The features of the architecture of the monument under study are revealed. The architectural, artistic and stylistic...
Architectural theory works out new approaches. The program article by Larisa Kopylova shows how architects of New Urbanism responded to the challenges of modern civilization: post-industrialism, ecological crisis, the destruction of historic cities, and gives an aesthetic assessment of the role of order and vernacular architecture in the modern traditional city. The reader will find examples of historicism in national schools of the USA, England, France, Italy and Holland.Meanwhile, the level of theoretical and practical experience in the Near and Middle East is growing. A selection...
The article presents the interim results of a study conducted within the framework of the scientific project “Architects and engineers of the eastern outskirts of Russia (second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries)”. The first part of the article is devoted to the military engineers of Port Arthur (K. I. Dubitsky, F. K. Avellan, A. A. Verse, F. D. Butler, L.L. Zatursky, I. A. Zaborovsky, Dobrov). The projects revealed in archival funds are published for the first time. The second part, which is written on the basis of publications in professional periodicals of the early 20th...
The article discusses the main ideas of New Urbanism, an urban development movement that has existed since the 1980s and is close to the principles of a traditional city. The spread of these ideas is shown on the example of national schools in Europe and the USA. The responses of the architects of New Urbanism to such challenges of modern civilization as post-industrialism, ecological crisis, destruction of historical cities are analyzed. An aesthetic and semiotic assessment of the role of order and vernacular architecture in a modern traditional city is given. Differences and...
Jordan is rich in valuable sites whose history goes back centuries. These objects attract wide attention not only at the local level, but also around the world. The city of Al-Tafilah in southern Jordan is one of such sites of exceptional historical, cultural and architectural significance. It is the place where one great, ancient, but little-known civilization of Nabatea was born. Currently, the uncontrolled process of rapid urbanization leads to infrastructural degradation, having a profound detrimental effect on historical and cultural monuments. The article considers as an example...
The ancient culture of Jordan developed against the background of a peculiar climate and landscape, which determined the features of the traditional Jordanian dwelling. The design of the house and the choice of materials reveal a connection with the musical traditions of Jordan. The musical genre of folk song-story and the sound of folk musical instruments are supported by the sound–absorbing properties of traditional building materials – felt, woolen fabrics, adobe. The cave dwelling, also typical of Jordan, has not been studied enough from the point of view of acoustics.
In his lectures on conventional theater and the description of performance styles and scenery in Chinese and Japanese theaters, Meyerhold emphasized the need to learn from these theatrical styles and apply them. However, he warns that some of these styles are extreme. When is the landscape considered extreme? Does the mass perceive the same thing the same way in any place and at all times? What is the role of culture in the process of perception? Are there any differences in intellectual, educational and philosophical contexts that have created an influential human heritage in the East...
Urbanism principles in the context of the UK have significantly changed its urban public realm since the 1980s to shape a “world-class” public realm by welcoming high-income groups. However, there are still limited investigations into the performative role of the public realm. Therefore, the research aims to ask what the social impact of the equitable public realm is for every citizen. These findings will be archived through morphological mappings, observation, and photographing. While the research confirms that “world-class” public realms in cities are rather exclusive than inclusive,...
The spatial composition of Ani, which used to be a large medieval town and the capital of Armenia, is analysed in the context of the general principles of medieval urban planning. The analysis made it possible to reveal the spatial relationship of urban dominants, to raise a question of the original idea of the architect Trdat and its continuity in subsequent periods of the city’s history.
Urban servitudes, as part of Roman law, became a legislative necessity for resolving disputes and regulating complex relationships. Urban servitudes were of great importance in reducing conflicts between city residents. After the fall of the Roman Empire and the medieval redistribution of land, servitudes have firmly entered the system of European urban planning.