Safe Courtyard in a Smart City: An Integrated Approach

Authors

  • Zhaina Tolegen International Educational Corporation (Almaty, Kazakhstan)
  • Islam Hamdi Elghonaimy College of Engineering, University of Bahrain (Isa Town, Bahrain)
  • Akhmetzhan Espenbet International Educational Corporation (Almaty, Kazakhstan)
  • Laura Dilmurat Temirbek Zhurgenov Kazakh National Academy of Arts (Almaty, Kazakhstan)

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/85.2622

Keywords:

smart city, third-generation CPTED, safe courtyard, small architectural forms, digital security

Abstract

This study aims to identify and substantiate the interconnection between digital technologies and architectural and planning solutions as an integrated approach that meets the requirements of contemporary smart cities. In the context of the active transformation of Almaty’s urban environment, the search for effective methods to organize safe courtyard spaces is particularly relevant. As a result of a comparative analysis and a study of best practices in designing safe courtyard spaces in modern smart cities, a matrix for an integrated approach to safe courtyard organization has been developed, combining the principles of third-generation CPTED.

How to Cite

Tolegen, Z., Hamdi Elghonaimy, I., Espenbet, A., & Dilmurat, L. (2025). Safe Courtyard in a Smart City: An Integrated Approach. Project Baikal, 22(85), 84–89. https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/85.2622

Published

2025-10-13

Issue

No. 85 (2025): a city and a park

Section

refereed articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Жайна Толеген, Ислам Хамди Элгонаими, Ахметжан Еспенбет, Лаура Дильмурат

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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