project baikal
type: channel
description: Journal of architecture, design and urbanism published by the VostokSibAcademCenter of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences
publisher: Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences
language: en
publication name: project baikal
issn: 2307-4485
items: Art Nouveau architecture in the historical buildings of the Daowai district
items: Dialogue of сultures: Chinese Baroque
items: Architectural contrasts in Shenyang’s railway station square
items: Museumification of the historical buildings in Zhalantun
items: Diriyah Art Futures
items: Modern architecture in Yemen: problems and solutions
items: Restoration of historical buildings in Syria: Creative solutions
items: Architectural image of contemporary spectacular buildings in Kazakhstan
items: The centers of folk crafts as an expression of genius loci
items: Mont-Saint-Michel Cloister: architectural and cultural study
items: Zemun: a town on earth
items: foreign practice
items: Church of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God in Podporozhye
items: Prospects for the tourism development of the “Greater Urals”
items: Architectural heritage and the historical identity of towns
items: The Transfiguration Cathedral in Khabarovsk
items: Chronotope and the transformation of the founding site of Tyumen
items: Renovation of urban areas with historical wooden buildings
items: Myths of the 130 Quarter
items: The Glazkovsky Bridge: a monument of the industrial era
items: The urban environment as a carrier, a guardian, and a threat to the local culture
items: Irkutsk: an essay on the culture of the place
items: siberia russia
items: The Cybernotopic chronotope
items: Legal and urban planning dynamics of local cultures in Russia
items: Chromatic landscape of the city: local color in a global context
items: Aesthetics of the marginalization of urban spaces
items: Preserving local cultures in territorial development projects
items: Local resources and materials: The potential of the region’s identity
items: Local enclaves in the citywide space
items: To the concept of place
items: Creative City 2026
items: ARCHIGESH 26. XXI+
items: ArchBukhta. Recursion
items: The RAACS exhibition “Housing 2026”
items: International Architecture News
items: local cultures
items: Cybernotopic prochronism
items: Medals by Stanislav Netљvolodov
items: The living Bauhaus. Tel Aviv experience
items: Red Corbusier in red Moscow (а coloristic sketch)
items: Architectural and planning features of the village of Hengdaohezi
items: Historical and architectural heritage of the CER: Hengdaohezi
items: Irkutsk Renaissance in wood
items: On Vladimir Pavlov’s first residential buildings
items: Chartreuse d’Ema as an archetype of modern mass housing
items: Semiotics of architecture of low-rise residential buildings in an international context
items: Residential development of Changchun during the Manchukuo period
items: Dalian mansion districts: History and modernity
items: The Governor’s House in Tambov: urban planning and implementation
items: Constructions around the Church of the Redeemer in Ani
items: from the history of dwelling
items: The house on Gryaznova Str in Irkutsk
items: On the universality of conditions in large scale residential architecture
items: Breathing architecture: Integrating nature and cities
items: Typology of hybrid panel and modular housing systems
items: Urban development practice versus the politics of memory in Irkutsk
items: Local materials for sustainable medium-rise housing: Syria and Ghana
items: Integration of educational facilities into residential complexes
items: Social quality of open spaces in government housing
items: Architectural solutions for collective housing for young people
items: Residential complexes in the developing architectural environment
items: The house where I live
items: Residential complexes and the risk of the “city-as-compound” regime
items: Residential architectural development strategies in Kazakhstan
items: Humanistic approaches as the basis of the student clausura concept
items: The results of the annual RAACS Conceptual Competition
items: Home: reverse perspective
items: Siberian housing in the context of the eastern turn
items: The global urban agenda and its relevance in Russia
items: Khabarovsk triumph
items: About housing: PB questionnaire

Art Nouveau architecture in the historical buildings of the Daowai district
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description: The article is devoted to the study of the influence of Art Nouveau (Modern) architecture on the historical development of the Daowai district in Harbin. The architectural appearance of the district is traditionally associated with the “Chinese Baroque” style, which was formed as a result of the interaction between Chinese and European architectural traditions in the early 20th century. However, some of the buildings in the district are designed in the Art Nouveau styleor contain its characteristic elements, which indicate the influence of the Russian architectural school. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze Art Nouveau objects and their role in the formation of urban environment. The research results show that the use of Art Nouveau forms in Daovai was fragmented and manifested itself mainly in individual decorative motifs and compositional solutions for the facades, but plays a significant role in the architectural appearance of the district.
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creator: Dmitry Tceluiko
creator: Mikhail Bazilevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 193
ending page: 197
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2809

Dialogue of сultures: Chinese Baroque
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description: The article presents the materials and results of the study conducted by the authors with the support of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation “Methods for integrating historical building zones and preserving cultural heritage sites in the context of the development of modern cities in northeast China”. The article examines the multifaceted process of interaction between Western European, Russian and Chinese architectural traditions, one of the manifestations of which was the formation of an original movement, which has received the name “Chinese Baroque” in modern scientific literature and found vivid expression in the development of Harbin’s satellite city, Fujiadian.
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creator: Mikhail Bazilevich
creator: Dmitry Tceluiko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 188
ending page: 192
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2808

Architectural contrasts in Shenyang’s railway station square
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description: The greatest concentration of the examples of historical architectural heritage in the Tatsuno style occurs in the station square and in Zhongshan street. The author examines the stylistic features of contemporary buildings near the station square in the historic center of the Japanese concession in Shenyang and considers maintaining its appearance by modern buildings. The paper identifies key stylistic features of Japanese historical architecture from the 1910s to the 1930s in the center of the Japanese concession in Shenyang and compares these features with new high-rise buildings.
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creator: Ekaterina Pugacheva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 185
ending page: 187
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2807

Museumification of the historical buildings in Zhalantun
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description: The article is devoted to the study of the experience of using railway cultural heritage sites and their museification in China. The object of study is the development in the city of Zhalantun, the stations along the China Eastern Railway, where at the beginning of the 20th century there was a well-known resort in Northern Manchuria. The article considers the current state of recognized architectural monuments – the railway club building and the former military barracks, which have nowadays been turned into the museums. The research is based on a field survey conducted in 2024 using literary and archival materials.
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creator: Ekaterina Glatolenkova
creator: Michail Bazilevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 180
ending page: 184
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2806

Diriyah Art Futures
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description: The Gulf’s first contemporary art hub is dedicated to new media and digital art. A global laboratory, museum, and visionary space is designed by the Italian firm Schiattarella Associati.
subject: community
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creator: Amedeo Schiattarella
creator: Andrea Schiattarella
creator: Paola Schiattarella
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 169
ending page: 179
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2805

Modern architecture in Yemen: problems and solutions
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description: Modern architecture in Yemen is at the intersection of traditional building practices and new challenges associated with climate change and urbanization. This article analyzes the main problems faced by the country’s architecture, including environmental and sociocultural factors, and proposes ways to improve the design and organization of the urban environment, taking into account the natural potential and climatic features of the region. Special attention is paid to eco-friendly materials and landscape integration to enhance microclimate, resilience, and environmental sustainability while preserving national traditions.
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creator: Najib Abdulkhaleq Mohsen Mohammed Al-Badwi
creator: Ivan Khalil
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 162
ending page: 168
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2803

Restoration of historical buildings in Syria: Creative solutions
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description: The article focuses on the restoration of historic buildings, especially in Syrian cities, against the backdrop of global changes (urbanization, information revolution). It analyzes the problems that hinder urban development in these areas. In response to these challenges, it proposes modern creative solutions: integrated planning, advanced technologies, community involvement, and international cooperation to preserve and revive historical heritage.
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creator: Marah Kazour
creator: Ivan Khalil
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 156
ending page: 161
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2802

Architectural image of contemporary spectacular buildings in Kazakhstan
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description: The purpose of this study is to analyze the architectural image and technological solutions of three contemporary spectacular buildings in Kazakhstan. The research methodology is based on the analysis of open-source materials, design documentation, photographic records, professional publications, and visual observations of the buildings’ operation within the urban environment. The results demonstrate that the integration of global design practices, digital technologies, and local cultural motifs contributes to the formation of a distinctive architectural image of spectacular buildings and enhances their role as urban landmarks and carriers of regional identity.
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creator: Aliya Tolegen
creator: Anara Amirzhanova
creator: Ainash Nauryzbayeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 150
ending page: 155
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2801

The centers of folk crafts as an expression of genius loci
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description: This article analyses the architecture of folk craft centres as a spatial expression of genius loci. It examines the role of craft practices in shaping local cultural identity and their influence on architectural decisions. Based on foreign and Kazakhstani case studies, it is shown that folk craft centers can serve as models for the integration of culture, education and the economy. Particular attention is paid to completed and planned projects in Kazakhstan that demonstrate the potential of context-oriented architecture in sustainable regional development.
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creator: Ulan Ismagulov
creator: Sarah Sadykova
creator: Yelena Khvan
creator: Aibike Bokachyova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 142
ending page: 149
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2799

Mont-Saint-Michel Cloister: architectural and cultural study
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description: This article examines the cloister of Mont-Saint-Michel Abbey as a medieval architectural space in which geometry, symbolism, and materiality construct a powerful heritage image. Through historical review and spatial analysis, the study interprets how architectural form expresses monastic ideology and cultural identity. The research argues that these layered meanings extend beyond religious function, shaping visitors’ perception and reinforcing the abbey’s enduring touristic appeal as a global cultural landmark.
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creator: Anas Atef Shamaileh
creator: Ferdous Alnatsheh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 132
ending page: 141
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2798

Zemun: a town on earth
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description: The article describes a cultural and environmental phenomenon of the historical town of Zemun, which was incorporated into Belgrade, the capital of Yugoslavia, in 1934, but managed to preserve its identity – to remain a town firmly established on earth. The centuries-old synergy of multicultural vernacular environmental practices has created here an original stable unity of land, river, inhabitants, and buildings – the results of their work and creativity. Zemun proves that a “good town” can not only be created almost without the participation of professional architects, but also be preserved with public recognition of the value of such an environment, even once inside a modern, rapidly developing metropolis.
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creator: Andrei Ivanov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 122
ending page: 131
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2797

foreign practice
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description: In this section of the issue, we have collected examples of how local cultures interact with “big”, national and international cultures. The small town of Zemun in Serbia, despite its proximity to Belgrade, was not absorbed by the capital, but retained its identity and unique charm. A medieval abbey on an island in Normandy lost in the northern waters is becoming a world landmark, embodying the half-forgotten wisdom of the High Middle Ages. Kazakhstan demonstrates beautiful modern iconic objects in Almaty with the active participation of foreign architects in their creation. And centers of traditional arts and crafts are growing nearby. Both war-torn Syria and relatively prosperous Yemen are making efforts to preserve and restore the amazing Arab architecture. We continue the traditional collection of our regular authors writing about architecture at the Eurasian crossroads of Northern China. And the winner of the international competition in Baku was chosen as the object of the issue – a project by a European team of architects who perfectly understood, felt and embodied the culture of Saudi Arabia.
subject: editorial
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creator: Elena Grigoryeva
creator: Konstantin Lidin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 121
ending page: 121
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2796

Church of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God in Podporozhye
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description: The article is devoted to an outstanding monument of wooden architecture of the 18th century – the Church of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God in the village of Podporozhye, Arkhangelsk region. The church was part of the temple complex. Based on historical sources, the history of all the facilities of the complex in the period from the middle of the 17th to the end of the 19th centuries is revealed. The authors also present the information about the previous churches. It is determined that the original architectural appearance of the object has been preserved to our time with minimal changes. The architecture of the Church of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God is analyzed in the context of the development of local traditions. The article reveals the origins of architectural features of the object and considers their analogues. The current state of the Church of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God is characterized, and attention is focused on its high historical and cultural value.
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creator: Andrey Bode
creator: Olga Zinina
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 116
ending page: 120
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2795

Prospects for the tourism development of the “Greater Urals”
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description: The formation of a tourist route through the territory of the “Greater Urals”, including the Perm and Sverdlovsk regions, is a multi-component task. To create such a route, it is necessary to explore the historical and cultural potential of the key points of the route, including both civil and historical industrial facilities. The route can be interesting and informative if the problems of revitalizing historical industrial enterprises located in the Perm and Sverdlovsk regions are solved, a system of campsites and hotels is developed, and tourist attractions are organized. It is also necessary to take into account the natural features and climate of the places where the route will run.
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creator: Valeria Shein
creator: Melania Dreval
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 112
ending page: 115
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2794

Architectural heritage and the historical identity of towns
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description: In many small towns, economic development is stagnating, which exacerbates the problem of urban degradation, especially of nearwater areas. This study is devoted to the analysis of the urban development situation in the small towns of Svetlogorsk and Kyshtym in order to identify the possibilities of their revitalization. The author used the method of qualitative comparative analysis of “polar cases”, field surveys, and the study of documentation. In Svetlogorsk, architectural heritage, historical identity and water spaces have become drivers of the revival; in Kyshtym, a similar potential has not been realized. It is shown that effective revitalization requires the transformation of architectural heritage into a functional asset and the improvement of water areas.
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creator: Valentina Kurochkina
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 106
ending page: 111
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2793

The Transfiguration Cathedral in Khabarovsk
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description: The article examines the architectural, stylistic and compositional features of the largest religious building in the Far East. Its design features and interior decoration are analyzed. Attention is paid to the decorative design of the interiors of the main and lower churches, as well as the composition of all four facades of the cathedral. The author carries out a comparative analysis of the Transfiguration Cathedral with other large religious buildings: cathedrals in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and Magadan, as well as the cathedral of the same name in Vladivostok.
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creator: Nikolai Kradin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 100
ending page: 105
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2792

Chronotope and the transformation of the founding site of Tyumen
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description: Within the framework of the concept of chronotope (spatial and temporal unity), it is shown how the time and place of the city’s foundation determine its fate. Tyumen is the oldest city in the south of the Tyumen region, which is developing dynamically. Today, the territory of the city’s founding site has lost its attractiveness, becoming a transit zone. A number of historical and modern objects, symbols of public consciousness, are not semantically related. The emotional connection between residents and the place has been lost. The article studies the dynamics of the transformation of the city’s founding site, reflecting the evolution of socio-economic and cultural structures. On the basis of historical data, the author proposes a logical structure of the modern content of this place as an integral cultural landscape. The author also considers the stages of changing the semantic content of the founding site of Tyumen, which allows for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of urbanization and the identity of the city.
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creator: Anastasia Yustus
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 92
ending page: 99
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2790

Renovation of urban areas with historical wooden buildings
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description: Using the example of areas with historical wooden buildings, the article considers preservation of the identity of historical cities in Russia. It gives an analysis of the spatial composition of the historical and architectural environment of Tomsk. It is shown that scientifically substantiating the principles of developing urban areas with estate buildings will enable a shift from targeted restoration of buildings to comprehensive management of the identity of urban environment.
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creator: Elena Sitnikova
creator: Vladimir Korenev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 86
ending page: 91
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2789

Myths of the 130 Quarter
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description: Project Baikal continues to publish myths of the Quarter based on Irkutsk material. Kozma Kvartalov, an honored story-teller and collector of urban folklore, turns to the past of merchants and Old Believers.
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creator: Kozma Kvartalov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 84
ending page: 85
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2788

The Glazkovsky Bridge: a monument of the industrial era
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description: The article features the Glazkovsky Bridge (Irkutsk) as a key infrastructure and urban development project of the industrial era of the 1930s. Drawing on archival sources, the author analyzes the process of designing and building a monolithic reinforced concrete arch bridge in difficult hydrological and climatic conditions of Eastern Siberia. Special attention is paid to the comparative analysis of the Irkutsk bridge and the similar European models of the early 20th century. The Glazkovsky Bridge is a significant achievement of the Soviet engineering school and an important element in the formation of a new spatial structure of Irkutsk.
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creator: Vasily Lisitsin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 76
ending page: 83
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2787

The urban environment as a carrier, a guardian, and a threat to the local culture
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description: The concept of urban environment is one of the most discussed and, at the same time, the most ambiguous concepts in modern urban studies. Most models of the urban environment consider it as a static object in which any cardinal changes are undesirable and even catastrophic. The article shows that this attitude to the dynamics of the urban environment is deeply rooted in the methodological foundations of the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle. It is proposed to use the methodological base of metamodernism for the study of the dynamic urban environment. Practical cases of successful architectural projects using this approach are considered.
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creator: Alexey Buinov
creator: Konstantin Lidin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 70
ending page: 75
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2786

Irkutsk: an essay on the culture of the place
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description: The local culture of Irkutsk developed in the context of the Russian, Polish, Ukrainian, Buryat and, more broadly, European and Asian cultures. The influence of major personalities in the history of Irkutsk is greater than in central Russia, since not all aspects of life were determined by the central government. The city and its culture were formed as a result of several passionate impulses that occurred successively in the 17th, 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Yakov Pokhabov’s Cossacks, enterprising merchants, Old Believers, exiled Decembrists, the Polish “Sybiraks”, exiles of the 1930s, architects of the sixties initiated the phenomenon of passionate impulses, as a result of which Irkutsk received an impulse to development.
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creator: Elena Bagina
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 64
ending page: 69
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2785

siberia russia
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description: Siberia has its own stable image – a harsh land where few cities, like lighthouses, shine to travelers across thousands of kilometers of snow-covered expanse. Like most popular beliefs, this image has to do with reality. But the reality, of course, is much more complicated. There are some Siberian cities that have the status of a historical city. And this is not accidental. Historical cities have received this status because the very image of these cities reflects the history of our country, the stages of development in accordance with the age of the city, its priorities and traditional values. Such is Irkutsk in the year of its 365th anniversary. Do we manage to preserve what is worthy and pass on the best to future generations? Unfortunately, not always. But also, “thanks for trying”… In addition to beloved Irkutsk, there are Tomsk, Tyumen, Khabarovsk, Svetlogorsk and Kyshtym, the Urals and the Arkhangelsk region in this section.
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creator: Elena Grigoryeva
creator: Konstantin Lidin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 63
ending page: 63
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2784

The Cybernotopic chronotope
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description: Within the framework of the third scientific picture of the world, there is a beginning of the active formation of a new synthetic planetary and civilizational reality based on the interaction of the natural, social and spiritual. The essential information about a person’s worldview is encoded in the deep mental and artistic features of folk art. The cybernotopic chronotope implies the search for a junction of space and time, in which the artistic image creates a single symbolic system of signs reflecting the network of regional interactions that form it in the “nature-population-economy” triad in a global equilibrium-web connected with the past and the future.
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creator: Zlata Gaevskaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 56
ending page: 62
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2783

Legal and urban planning dynamics of local cultures in Russia
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description: In the development of the Russian civilization state, local cultures have traditionally been identified and interpreted in an ethno-religious context – in the field of law, literature, and society as a whole. Today, this trend continues and is clearly evident in urban planning practices. In these practices, the trend becomes particularly illustrative and convincing when creating and perceiving religious buildings that present local cultures in the architecture of a modern city. Such cultures often overcome the barriers of locality through the realization of their creative and aesthetic potential.
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creator: Irina Savchenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 50
ending page: 55
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2782

Chromatic landscape of the city: local color in a global context
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description: The article analyzes projects for the preservation of local colour in modern urban space, which were proposed for various cities in Europe, Asia and America. The theoretical and methodological basis of successful color solutions is discussed. The author assesses the economic, political, and environmental risk factors essential for the preservation of the chromatic landscape. The author also determines the specifics of understanding the structure and physical nature of the local color. The spatiality and mobility of local coloristics, the concept of the light identity of a place, and the concept of sustainable color are also important for discussion.
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creator: Yulia Griber
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 44
ending page: 49
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2781

Aesthetics of the marginalization of urban spaces
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description: This article presents an analysis of the current aesthetics of marginal urban spaces, particularly those reflected in the media, messaging apps, urban myths, and theories. This study demonstrates how urban spaces previously associated with decay and decline are attracting the interest of younger generations and creative professionals, giving rise to new aesthetic values and narratives. The authors conclude that contemporary reality reflects the exceptional social, aesthetic, and historical significance of marginal urban spaces, as well as options for their future transformation
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creator: Anastasia Garnaga
creator: Irina Gareeva
creator: Lyudmila Dyachkova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 38
ending page: 43
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2780

Preserving local cultures in territorial development projects
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description: This article examines how cultural heritage sites (CHS) shape local cultures and affect the outcomes of integrated territorial development (ITD) projects. Drawing on international policy documents (UNESCO, the Council of Europe) and Russian sources, it proposes a typology of the spatial integration of CHS within ITD projects: core, anchor, insertions, frame, and interstices. The paper identifies the effects and risks associated with each type and outlines approaches to assessing the contribution of heritage to territorial development.
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creator: Valeria Toporova
creator: Maria Fedorova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 33
ending page: 37
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2779

Local resources and materials: The potential of the region’s identity
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description: Ice hotels, sand sculptures, salt chapels, bamboo pavilions created using the basic materials and resources of the region – everything turns into a means of preserving the identity of the territory, into symbolic capital, and the potential for its development. The increasing diversity of the use of regional resources and natural materials – from traditional to non-standard, sometimes shocking techniques and means – can play an important role in the future of many regions, in the development of tourism, local cultures and economies, creative industries, etc.
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creator: Olga Zheleznyak
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 26
ending page: 32
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2778

Local enclaves in the citywide space
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description: The article shows that, throughout their history, cities have been formed from many self-sufficient enclaves, between which there was only a relative community. There were times when the main goal was to achieve the compositional and stylistic integrity of the city as an ensemble. Then the alienness of some urban objects became especially noticeable, and it had to be dealt with. Modern sprawling cities cannot claim absolute unity: they mix highly contrasting localized architectural and planning formations. According to the task set by Project Baikal journal to focus on “local cultures”, the author substantiates the idea that the harmonization of heterogeneous urban loci requires an increase and alignment of the overall cultural level of their formation and functioning.
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creator: Igor Bondarenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 23
ending page: 25
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2777

To the concept of place
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description: The concept of place in the theory of architecture is opposed to the category of space. Unlike the category of space, the concept of place is not operational, because it has no mathematical support. At the same time, a place is a structural concept distinct from an element. The concept of place contains phenomenological and symbolic meanings (genius of place, relevance, gesture), which largely determine the nature of form making in modern architecture. The understanding of place as an anthropological unit of spatial experience refers to the concept of gesture introduced in the theory of architecture by A. Gabrichevsky. The gesture and the place are connected, but this connection is far from clear. The concept of place belongs to a specific fragment of the territory or structure of a building, limiting the possibility of filling this fragment with other structures. The gesture corresponds to the place. It is carried out inside the place but is oriented externally.
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creator: Alexander Rappaport
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 17
ending page: 22
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2776

Creative City 2026
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description: “Creative City” is a new international project that is carried out at the INRTU site, presenting creativity as a strategic potential for the development of a territory/place, restoring and promoting uniqueness and investment attractiveness. The exhibition-competition is held in seven nominations, involving the students and practitioners, representatives of Russia, Belarus and China from 21 cities. The results of the exhibition showed the high quality and creativity of the works, the depth and consistency of the issues discussed, and the strategic prospects of the project.
subject: community
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creator: Olga Zheleznyak
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 14
ending page: 16
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2775

ARCHIGESH 26. XXI+
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description: From March 1-6, Sheregesh hosted the annual, already traditional, festival of the Ski Club of Architects ARCHIGESH 2026. It has become a significant and highly anticipated forum for Russian architects and designers. This year, the traditional “old-timers”, teams from Novokuznetsk, Barnaul, Yekaterinburg, Irkutsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo, Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, St. Petersburg, Tyumen, were joined by a friendly team from Tula, delegations from Tambov, Kazan and Chelyabinsk. The event was organized by the teams from Novokuznetsk and Irkutsk.
subject: community
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creator: Sergey Demkov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 10
ending page: 13
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2774

ArchBukhta. Recursion
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description: From March 5 to March 9, 2026, the All-Russian Architectural Festival “ArchBukhta. Recursion” was held on the territory of the Azatai Country Park Hotel (Bolshoe Goloustnoe village, Irkutsk region). It has been held for the 20th time on the shores of Lake Baikal under the auspices of the Club of Young Architects. In 2026, 136 students and young professionals represented 23 teams from 12 regions of Russia, from Irkutsk, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Omsk, Samara, Barnaul, Tomsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Orsk and Ufa.
subject: community
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creator: Anastasia Khotsanovich
creator: Roman Malinovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 8
ending page: 9
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2773

The RAACS exhibition “Housing 2026”
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description: The article provides information about the RAACS exhibition “Housing 2026” held at the Central House of Architects in Moscow, reflecting the experience of designing and constructing residential buildings in the Russian Federation over the past 20 years.
subject: community
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creator: Dmitry Bush
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 6
ending page: 7
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2772

International Architecture News
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description: The news section presents the laureate of the 2026 UIA Gold Medal and the laureates of the Triennial Prizes, as well as the results of the 2026 International Innovative Design for Health Award.
subject: community
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creator: Anna Grigorieva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 5
ending page: 5
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2771

local cultures
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description: The places where each of us was born and raised leave their mark. The character of each place, its genius loci, forms its own local (from Latin ‘locus’, meaning ‘place’) system of values, its own concepts of beauty, which are related to the landscape, climate, history, traditions – all that, in fact, is called culture, including architectural culture. The search for a local identity is not an easy task. It is not always possible to identify and understand the elements of cultural heritage that are useful and necessary in the present and the future. Today, it is impossible to live the way our ancestors lived in ancient times. What projects on the search for local culture can be cited as a good example? What mistakes have already been made and now need discussing so as not to be repeated? What can and should local cultures share with each other in order to ensure the movement towards “flourishing diversity”, and what obstacles must be overcome on this path? The topic of local cultures, like the term itself, is philosophical, but it is also relevant to our profession, so we tried to touch and even illustrate the philosophical subject in this issue of the Project Baikal journal.
subject: editorial
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creator: Elena Grigoryeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/88.2769

Cybernotopic prochronism
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description: Architecture should be a territory of memory where the topological poetics of space is conveyed, absorbing the centuries-old metabolic experience of its structure. The formation and selection of images in folk art is based on ancient times, and is conditioned by the real economic and geographical environment in which the people live. Folk art is the soul and strength of the people. Cybernotopic prochronism implies nature-centrism and the formation of an architectural image as an architectural melody based on prescriptions of ancestors and folk traditions.
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creator: Zlata Gaevskaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Злата Гаевская https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 190
ending page: 195
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2762

Medals by Stanislav Netљvolodov
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description: The article deals with medals and plaquettes by architect and sculptor Stanislav Netšvolodov (born in 1935). Most of them are kept in the collection of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow. He struck and moulded more than 40 medals in 1980s. Sixteen medals are kept in the Pushkin Museum’s collection: most of them were donated or bought from the author.
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creator: Uliana Volkova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ульяна Волкова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 186
ending page: 189
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2761

The living Bauhaus. Tel Aviv experience
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description: The article is devoted to the modernist heritage in the architecture of Tel Aviv, and, above all, the influence of representatives of the Bauhaus school on the development of the city. The article examines the specifics of the development that took place from the founding of the city in 1925 until the 1950s, as well as the features of architectural and urban planning concepts that determined the stylistic and functional continuity in the urban history of Tel Aviv.
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creator: Leonid Salmin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Леонид Салмин https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 180
ending page: 185
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2760

Red Corbusier in red Moscow (а coloristic sketch)
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description: The article examines the change in the color of the cladding of Le Corbusier’s Centrosoyuz building during its designing and the impact of this circumstance on the architectural practice in the Soviet avant-garde period of 1929–1935.
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creator: Petr Zavadovsky
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Петр Завадовский https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 175
ending page: 179
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2759

Architectural and planning features of the village of Hengdaohezi
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description: This article analyzes the planning structure and architectural heritage of Hengdaohezi, one of the most completely preserved station complexes of the Chinese Eastern Railway. It examines the settlement’s development in challenging terrain, its functional zoning, and the spatial logic of its development. Particular attention is paid to the completed and planned departmental buildings of the CER, their architectural solutions, and their role in shaping the village’s appearance. Hengdaohezi is considered a unique example of the adaptation of Russian architectural and engineering traditions to the Manchurian context.
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creator: Dmitry Tceluiko
creator: Evgeny Bazilevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Дмитрий Целуйко, Евгений Базилевич https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 170
ending page: 174
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2758

Historical and architectural heritage of the CER: Hengdaohezi
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description: The article publishes the materials and results of a study conducted by the authors with the support of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation “Methods of integrating historical development zones and preserving cultural heritage sites in the context of the development of modern cities in Northeast China.” The authors present the data obtained during the historical and architectural study of the township of Hengdaohezi located on the eastern section of the Chinese-Eastern Railway (CER), which are related to the formation of its planning structure and architectural landscape. The zones of historically valuable development have been identified, and its individual objects relevant for the development of tourism have been considered
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creator: Evgeny Bazilevich
creator: Dmitry Tceluiko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Евгений Базилевич, Дмитрий Целуйко https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 164
ending page: 169
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2757

Irkutsk Renaissance in wood
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description: Almost thirty years ago, the only monument of Vladimir Pavlov’s wooden architecture was destroyed in a fire. It is unique in its realization, but programmatic in its creative endeavor. The House of Fisherman and Hunter embodied an unprecedented idea of connecting the spirit of material and place with the reinterpretation of traditional technology in the pure functional aesthetics of the author’s technique. Thanks to timely photofixation and preserved sketches, the research and design team of the Department of History and Theory of Architecture of St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering managed to develop a method of sequential reconstruction that allows us to accurately recreate this timeless example of modern architecture.
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creator: Milena Zolotareva
creator: Nikita Eremin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Милена Золотарева, Никита Еремин https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 158
ending page: 163
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2756

On Vladimir Pavlov’s first residential buildings
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description: Vladimir Pavlov’s creative activity is internationally known and universally recognized. The architect’s legacy impresses with its innovation and originality of solutions, as well as skillful use of compositional, artistic and engineering techniques that remain relevant to this day. The article presents the results of an in-depth study of the architecture of Pavlov’s first residential buildings, defines the time frame and exact chronology of their construction. The authors reveal the features of urban allocation of facilities, layouts of sections and apartments, constructive and facade solutions.
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creator: Elena Grigorieva
creator: Inna Druzhinina
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Елена Григорьева, Инна Дружинина https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 152
ending page: 157
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2755

Chartreuse d’Ema as an archetype of modern mass housing
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description: The article examines an important historical prototype for Le Corbusier’s work – the Carthusian monastery in Galuzzo. It also analyzes the formal and symbolic influence of the monastery’s architecture on the formation of the conceptual foundations of Le Corbusier’s residential architecture, as well as the reproduction of the characteristic features of the monastery’s architecture in the Immeuble-villas project
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creator: Petr Zavadovsky
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Петр Завадовский https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 146
ending page: 151
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2754

Semiotics of architecture of low-rise residential buildings in an international context
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description: This article examines the architectural features of low-rise housing in various countries, focusing on their functional and semiotic aspects. It analyzes low-rise residential building types in Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Morocco from the late 19th to the first half of the 20th centuries shaped by socioeconomic development and the needs of the population. The research is based on specific examples of architectural practice and includes a discussion of the role and significance of semiotics in shaping the image-spatial structure and symbolic content of low-rise housing. Special attention is paid to the cultural codes embodied in architectural forms, as well as to how the semiotic features of low-rise housing reflect the social status, lifestyle, and values of the society of its time. This analysis allows for a more profound interpretation of low-rise architecture as a significant element in the formation of the urban environment and its cultural identity.
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creator: Aray Saibulatova
creator: Dana Dyussenova
creator: Arken Yessenbayev
creator: Almagul Toishiyeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Арай Сайбулатова, Дана Дюсенова, Аркен Есенбаев, Алмагул Тойшиева https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 139
ending page: 145
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2753

Residential development of Changchun during the Manchukuo period
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description: The article is devoted to the study of the architecture of residential buildings in the city of Changchun. It considers the changes in the construction technology and the style of the facilities under construction expressed in adaptation to local climatic conditions and interaction with European architectural traditions. The article examines the features of architecture that arose as a result of the mixing of Japanese and European styles, as well as the spatial perception of Chinese traditional architecture. The impact of these changes on the development of residential buildings has been determined.
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creator: Tatiana Smolianinova
creator: Anton Kim
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Татьяна Смольянинова, Антон Ким https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 134
ending page: 138
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2752

Dalian mansion districts: History and modernity
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description: The article reflects the results of the study conducted by the author under the grant of the Russian Science Foundation “Methods of integration of historical development zones and preservation of cultural heritage sites in the context of development of modern cities in northeastern China”. The main stages of formation of individual residential development areas (mansions) in Dalian are considered and characterized. The author reveals the features of placement, planning and architectural and artistic organization of buildings of this type. The author also notes the importance of preserved historical and cultural heritage sites in the growth of modern development of the city.
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creator: Mikhail Bazilevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Михаил Базилевич https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 126
ending page: 133
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2751

The Governor’s House in Tambov: urban planning and implementation
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description: The article examines the formation of new principles of the organization of the main square of the Russian city under the influence of political reforms of Catherine II. It studies the history of design and construction of the Governor’s House in Tambov. Conclusions are drawn about the reasons for the violation of the plan confirmed in 1781.
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creator: Nadezhda Gryaznova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Надежда Грязнова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 122
ending page: 125
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2750

Constructions around the Church of the Redeemer in Ani
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description: The study of groups of buildings around one of the largest churches in the medieval Armenian capital of Ani is based on written sources and excavation findings from the XII campaign of 1913 of the Ani Archaeological Expedition led by N. J. Marr. A comparison of the data available in these documents, as well as the search and analysis of the current state of some buildings, lead to a new understanding of the structure of the urban area, its dominants and the changes that have taken place over three or four centuries.
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creator: Armen Kazaryan
creator: Olga Baeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Армен Казарян, Ольга Баева https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 116
ending page: 121
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2749

from the history of dwelling
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description: Dwelling accompanies human beings throughout their history. As a matter of fact, dwelling facilities appeared much earlier than humans: many creatures living on Earth build their nests, which are sometimes very ingenious. But only a human dwelling bears the imprint of a lifestyle that is infinitely diverse among people. Today, ancient residential buildings tell us stories about how our ancestors lived, what value system they adhered to, what they considered beautiful and what they considered shameful. The history of dwelling is the most complete, ancient and continuous collection of narratives about the past of peoples. Our collection contains several examples of what the dwelling can tell the current generation and future generations about the past life, without which, however, there is no future.
subject: editorial
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creator: Konstantin Lidin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Константин Лидин https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 115
ending page: 115
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2748

The house on Gryaznova Str in Irkutsk
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description: Vossoughian, N. (2020, June). Alvar Aalto, Ernst Neufert, and Architectural Standardization in Germany and Finland, 1933–45. The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 79(2), 202-212. DOI:10.1525/jsah.2020.79.2.202
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creator: Yanov Yanov
creator: Olga Ryazanova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Александр Янов, Ольга Рязанова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 107
ending page: 114
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2747

On the universality of conditions in large scale residential architecture
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description: The article examines the applicability of the most widespread modernist structural principle of a frame residential building in connection with folk and vernacular architecture in the conditions of dry subtropics. The desire to radically reduce the construction cost and examples from automobile and ship construction inspired architects of the first half to the middle of the 20th century to develop a type of house with a load-bearing steel or reinforced concrete frame and a flat roof, which paradoxically reminded of local types of non-professional architecture dating back thousands of years.
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creator: Nikolai Vassiliev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Николай Васильев https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 102
ending page: 106
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2745

Breathing architecture: Integrating nature and cities
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description: The ongoing expansion of metropolitan areas leads to a separation between daily urban activities and the nearby ecosystems, which fragments habitats and lowers the availability of green areas. Based on such challenges, Breathing Architecture proposes a new and cohesive approach to building design which would lead to buildings that actively breathe and would enable the flow of air, light, and energy through porous boundaries instead of rigid shells. The study investigates how urban roofs, facades, and joinery can be synchronized with seasonal rhythms and the local climate. Using concepts from environmental psychology, cultural symbolism, biomimicry, and the research formulates adjustable shading fins, daylight chimneys, adaptive cladding, and other processable design solutions which would functionally reconnect buildings with natural systems.
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creator: Sayfiddin Juraev
creator: Санобар Шадманова
creator: Xamza Xaitov
creator: Dilobar Yakubjanova
creator: Gulzina Tulisheva
creator: Mustafo Tursunov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Сайфиддин Джураев, Санобар Шадманова, Хамза Хаитов, Дилобар Якубджанова, Гульзина Тулишева, Мустафо Турсунов https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 92
ending page: 101
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2744

Typology of hybrid panel and modular housing systems
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description: The work is devoted to the analysis of the adaptability of mass housing in conditions of climatic and seismic constraints. The purpose of the study is to develop an architectural and typological tool for assessing the adaptive potential of hybrid panel and modular systems. The study applies typological and comparative analytical methods based on the analysis of the interaction of load-bearing structures and filling elements. As a result, the author proposes a typology of hybrid residential systems, which reveals differences in the distribution of spatial rigidity and transformation possibilities. The study shows the dependence of architectural flexibility on the context in the conditions of industrialized construction.
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creator: Madina Mukasheva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Мадина Мукашева https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 86
ending page: 91
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2743

Urban development practice versus the politics of memory in Irkutsk
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description: Large volumes of housing construction in Irkutsk create opportunities for expanding the godonymic space, that is, the totality of names of linear geographical objects officially fixed on the territory of the city, exercising the powers to name streets, alleys, squares, territories. However, in practice, developers with the tacit consent of local authority are sabotaging this.
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creator: Alexander Gimelshteyn
creator: Irina Gimelshteyn
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Александр Гимельштейн, Ирина Гимельштейн https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 82
ending page: 85
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2742

Local materials for sustainable medium-rise housing: Syria and Ghana
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description: The article considers the relationship between the concept of sustainable settlement development and the variety of housing development methods. Using the examples of two regions, Syria and Ghana, it shows two main types of “species diversity” of low-rise housing. Syria is characterized by diversity due to the simultaneous presence of elements from various historical eras and cultures, from ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia to modern construction technologies. Ghana is more characterized by a combination of diverse building traditions of differenct peoples inhabiting this multinational region.
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creator: Siba Daoud
creator: Eugene Neizer Kissi
creator: Ivan Khalil
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Сиба Дауд, Юджин Нейзер Кисси, Иван Халиль https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 75
ending page: 81
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2741

Integration of educational facilities into residential complexes
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description: Modern challenges in urban development of Astana, including population density, traffic load and shortage of educational institutions, require new models of residential complexes. Today, the integrated and attached areas in residential complexes are mainly used for commerce and short-term services – shops, salons, small offices. It creates an excessive concentration of similar functions and does not meet the long-term needs of residents. Instead, it is possible to reorient a significant part of such areas to educational blocks of preschool, primary and secondary education. Such redistribution will ensure the walking accessibility of educational spaces, reduce the load on the transport and pedestrian network, increase the user capacity of urban areas, and at the same time increase the social value of residential buildings.
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creator: Arshyn Ozhet
creator: Seimur Mamedov
creator: Yelena Feoktistova
creator: Vera Naumova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Аршын Ожет, Сеймур Мамедов, Елена Феоктистова, Вера Наумова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 68
ending page: 74
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2740

Social quality of open spaces in government housing
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description: The design of residential neighborhoods significantly shapes how people use outdoor spaces and interact socially. Recent changes in urban planning have transformed traditional societies and produced modern, car-dependent neighborhoods. These shifts have weakened social ties in new governmental housing areas, where many residents report feeling isolated. This study examines how open spaces influence social quality in these developments. The research enhances understanding of how urban design affects social quality in government-planned communities and provides design recommendations to reduce social isolation and strengthen community connections in Bahrain’s housing projects.
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creator: Hala Nehad Abushaqra
creator: Islam Hamdi Elghonaimy
creator: Aigul Iissova
creator: Saltanat Myrzakhmetova
creator: Aimash Slyambayeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Хала Нехад Абушакра, Ислам Хамди Элгонайми, Айгуль Иисова, Салтанат Мырзахметова, Аймаш Слямбаева https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 60
ending page: 67
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2739

Architectural solutions for collective housing for young people
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description: Using examples of residential complexes from Japan, South Korea, the United States, Israel, Turkey, and the United Kingdom, this article examines the architectural, planning, and social aspects of youth housing. Particular attention is paid to shared living models that balance personal space with public areas, as well as the integration of amenities into the living environment. An analysis of projects in these countries demonstrates a trend toward creating adaptive, cost-effective, and socially oriented residential spaces tailored to the needs of the younger generation.
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creator: Evgeny Ogienko
creator: Aleksander Kolesnikov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Евгений Огиенко, Александр Колесников https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 56
ending page: 59
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2738

Residential complexes in the developing architectural environment
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description: The article considers the phenomenon of a residential complex (housing estate) as an integral part of the architectural environment of the city. The architectural environment and the concepts of housing and residential complex are complex multifactorial constructs. In the course of their consideration, both material (skeleton) parameters and flow (energy) and information (socio- psychological) parameters should be taken into account. Based on a survey conducted by the authors among young students, it was concluded that the next generation prefers their own housing in a separate house rather than an apartment in a multi-storey building. We can expect an increase in demand for housing in low-rise residential complexes.
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creator: Konstantin Lidin
creator: Olga Belobrykina
creator: Alexei Buinov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Константин Лидин, Ольга Белобрыкина, Алексей Буйнов https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 52
ending page: 55
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2737

The house where I live
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description: Rental buildings of the early twentieth century are a significant segment of the development of large Russian cities. The skills of the architects and the convenience of living allowed them to go through the trials of the twentieth century and preserve the residential function, adapting to socio-economic requirements. They form a stable historical image of Russian cities. Apartment buildings are genetically linked to modern rental housing, which is a significant help in solving the housing problem in Russia, especially for young families, single people and the development of labor migration.
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creator: Alexander Kudryavtsev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Александр Кудрявцев https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 50
ending page: 51
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2736

Residential complexes and the risk of the “city-as-compound” regime
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description: The widespread replication of residential complexes increases the risk that everyday life becomes enclosed within private perimeters, weakening the city’s public framework. The study identifies the mechanism through which an “archipelago of residential complexes” forms and delineates the features of a “residential-complex regime.” The paper formulates design and regulatory principles – permeability and connectivity, genuine publicness, functional-temporal mixing, ecological resilience of the external urban edge, and fairness of access. Institutionalising these principles reduces urban fragmentation and the displacement of externalities.
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creator: Nickolay Kovalev
creator: Tatiana Meisner
creator: Eleonora Barkova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Николай Ковалев, Татьяна Майснер, Элеонора Баркова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 44
ending page: 49
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2735

Residential architectural development strategies in Kazakhstan
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description: This article analyzes low-rise housing design solutions adapted to the conditions of foothill regions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the compliance of design solutions and completed residential projects with the new development regulations for the city of Almaty approved in 2025. The results demonstrate a transition to a human-centered and environmentally friendly residential environment based on interdisciplinary principles of integrating architectural, urban planning, and socio-ecological approaches.
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creator: Turar Uzakbayev
creator: Tokkozha Kozhagulov
creator: Kurmangazy Zhedelov
creator: Saya Sakenova
creator: Dina Amandykova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Турар Узакбаев, Токкожа Кожагулов, Курмангазы Жеделов, Сая Сакенова, Дина Амандыкова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 38
ending page: 43
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2734

Humanistic approaches as the basis of the student clausura concept
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description: The article examines the control clausuras made by the 2nd-year students of the Moscow Architectural Institute, from the standpoint of the professional skills they have acquired. The formation of the proposed architectural concepts is analyzed, both basing on the developed spatial and artistic solutions, and relying on the moral and humanitarian attitudes of future architects
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creator: Nadezhda Gryaznova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Надежда Грязнова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 32
ending page: 37
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2733

The results of the annual RAACS Conceptual Competition
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description: The article highlights the results of the RAACS Competition 2026, the theme of which is “Residential Building of the 22nd Century”. The article gives an analysis of the works presented by architects from many Russian regions. Along with the advantages, the disadvantages of most projects are also noted, including the lack of memorable architectural ideas and manual graphics skills. It is concluded that it is important to promote this type of creativity, which is necessary to obtain results comparable to the masterpieces of the masters of “paper architecture”.
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creator: Dmitry Bush
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Дмитрий Буш https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 25
ending page: 27
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2732

Home: reverse perspective
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description: The historical time of our days is a turning point both in the destinies of the new way of life of global humanity and in architecture. Urbanization is gaining momentum. People inhabit multi-storey residential complexes. Having turned into a city apartment, home hardly returns to nature. The question arises as to how to avoid gaudy eclecticism and naive utopia when abandoning the standards of standard construction. Today, it has not been possible to theoretically substantiate the connection between architectural style and lifestyle, and without this connection, the concept of “style” loses its meaning. Today, the “housing issue” is no longer a question of a roof over your head, but of the meaning and new life of the modern concept of “home”.
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creator: Alexander Rappaport
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Александр Раппапорт https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 22
ending page: 24
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2731

Siberian housing in the context of the eastern turn
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description: The interaction of the European and Asian parts of Russia is developing in complex and ambiguous ways. Periods of treating Siberia as a colony are replaced by periods of predominance of an equal and mutually beneficial dialogue. In the history of attempts to understand the role of Siberia, one can find deep and constructive models, in some cases undeservedly forgotten. Today, the slogans of the “eastern turn” and the “sibirization” of Russian domestic politics are being put forward. The article discusses the prospects for the implementation of these slogans using the example of housing construction, taking into account the specifics of the Siberian climate and cultural traditions. Traditional Siberian housing helps to maintain not only physical but also mental health, which creates additional incentives for using cultural heritage in modern housing construction.
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creator: Konstantin Lidin
creator: Elena Grigoryeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Константин Лидин, Елена Григорьева https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 15
ending page: 21
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2730

The global urban agenda and its relevance in Russia
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description: The article explores traditional local building materials and construction techniques as tools for adapting architecture and cities to climate change. The study is inspired by the 2025 Venice Architecture Biennale curated by Carlo Ratti, where wood and bio-based materials are presented as carriers of “natural intelligence” and a foundation for regenerative architecture. Special attention is given to master plans as a key instrument of climateresponsive urban development. The article reviews selected Biennale projects and examines the potential of contemporary timber construction in Siberia, considering clim
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creator: Alexei Kozmin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Алексей Козьмин https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 10
ending page: 14
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2729

Khabarovsk triumph
type: item
description: The Khabarovsk Krai Governor’s Prize 2025 for creative workers in the field of literature and art, category of “architecture and design, preservation of cultural heritage sites”, was awarded for the realized project of the innovative interactive center “Heuristics” (children’s technopark) in Komsomolsk-on-Amur designed by the team consisting of Irkutsk architect S. V. Gladkov and Khabarovsk architects and designers: A. V. Luchshev, Son Soner, and V. A. Gorbulev. The article provides information about the project and the award winners.
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creator: Yana Lisitsina
creator: Vasily Lisitsin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Яна Лисицина https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 8
ending page: 9
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2728

About housing: PB questionnaire
type: item
description: The article includes the results of a survey conducted among several architects combining theoretical fundamentals with rich practical experience. The respondents were asked a number of open-ended questions related to the current state and development prospects of housing construction in Russia and around the world. The main topic of the conversation was the ratio between multi-storey and multi-apartment housing construction and the of low- and medium-rise housing, including individual one.
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creator: Andrey Bokov
creator: Sergey Gnedovsky
creator: Sergey Oreshkin
creator: Valery Filippov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Андрей Боков, Сергей Гнедовский, Сергей Орешкин, Валерий Филиппов https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 28
ending page: 31
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2727

International Architecture News
type: item
description: The news section presents the laureate of the 2026 Pritzker Architecture Prize, theresults of the international student ideas competition Catalysts of Resilience andThe Architecture MasterPrize 2025. It also announces the new edition of the KairaLooro 2026 Competition.
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creator: Anna Grigorieva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Анна Григорьева https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 6
ending page: 7
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2726

residential complexes
type: item
description: Living houses, live and life contain the same root. Like many terms in construction and architecture, the expression “residential complex” can take on many meanings, often contradictory. It can be one apartment building or several buildings, it can include all the necessary elements of urban infrastructure or only a part of such elements, its territory can be closed or open, etc. The main idea of the residential complex is to collect everything necessary for people’s daily life in a compact and self-sufficient (integrated) urban planning unit, although this is not always possible. However, the dominance of standard and featureless, sometimes even harmful solutions makes many architects worry about the imperfection of the results of their work in the field of housing. Apartment buildings are grouped into super-dense “human ant-hills”, and here, in the pursuit of profit, developers take no care of safety and health. The developers’ focus on small oneroom apartments and studios, due to their relatively low cost, clearly contradicts the demographic objectives formulated by the state. At the same time, there is a strong trend towards low-rise buildings determined at the government level. The population prefers to live in their own or low-rise houses, and the gigantic territory of Russia disposes to this. Is there a possible balance between these ideological poles? The first issue of Project Baikal journal attempts to discuss these and other issues, which are united under the general theme “Residential Complexes”.
subject: editorial
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creator: Elena Grigoryeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Елена Григорьева https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/87.2724

Typology of the residential structures of medieval Ani
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description: Drawing on archaeological data and field research, this article proposes a typology for the residential structures of medieval Ani (10th–15th centuries). It investigates diverse dwelling types, from palaces and urban houses to mixed-use buildings and later adapted residences. The examination of their plans, materials and decoration reveals how architecture mirrored the city’s flourishing and eventual decline.
subject: refereed articles - heritage
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creator: Olga Baeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ольга Баева https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 186
ending page: 191
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2699

Modernist architecture of Kazakhstan: Preservation strategies
type: item
description: This article examines the renovation practices applied to selected examples of modernist architecture in Almaty – outstanding specimens of Soviet modernism that have significantly contributed to shaping the city’s unique architectural identity. A substantial portion of these structures is currently undergoing reconstruction, which often distorts the original architectural intent and results in the loss of authentic design elements. The primary aim of this research is to develop a comprehensive preservation strategy for Kazakhstan’s modernist architectural heritage, using the city of Almaty as a case study. For this purpose, three sites were analyzed using a comparative study of visual documentation and field observations, resulting in a justification of heritage preservation approaches through digital modeling, which ensures accurate capture of the authentic appearance of buildings.
subject: refereed articles - heritage
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creator: Manar Kustaubayeva
creator: Ardak Nigmetova
creator: Aleksandra Kostsova
creator: Zhanerke Imanbayeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Манар Кустаубаева, Ардак Нигметова, Александра Косцова, Жанерке Иманбаева https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 182
ending page: 185
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2698

Leonidov in the Crimea, 1936–1938. Part 4
type: item
description: The fourth article of the cycle devoted to I. I. Leonidov’s projects for the southern coast of the Crimea continues to consider the architecture of the buildings of the central Yalta embankment, in particular, the resort hotels and park pavilions. An attempt is being made to reconstruct them on the basis of preserved materials.
subject: refereed articles - heritage
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creator: Petr Zavadovsky
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Петр Завадовский https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 178
ending page: 181
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2696

Museumification of Ani: historical experience and perspectives
type: item
description: The article analyzes the problems of museumification of the ruins of the medieval city of Ani. It considers key issues and threats and proposes an integrated approach that combines modern conservation methods, digital technologies, and the development of tourism infrastructure. The necessity of international cooperation for the preservation of Ani as a World Heritage site is substantiated.
subject: refereed articles - heritage
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creator: Olga Baeva
creator: Armen Kazaryan
creator: Arev Samuelyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ольга Баева, Армен Казарян, Арев Самуелян https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 171
ending page: 177
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2695

Under-dome transitions in the churches of the Bagratid era, 9th–11th centuries
type: item
description: The article traces the preferences of the architects of Ani and the regions of the Christian East closest to the Armenian Bagratid kingdom in relation to the choice of the type of under-dome transition, as well as the ability of the craftsmen to interpret their forms in a variety of ways, which were generally established in the Armenian architecture of the 7th century. Using examples of outstanding works of the epoch, the transitions of three types and intermediate variants are consistently analyzed.
subject: refereed articles - heritage
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creator: Armen Kazaryan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Армен Казарян https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 166
ending page: 170
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2694

Russian architectural heritage in China: Yimanpo Station
type: item
description: This article examines the historical development of the railway station area at Yimanpo Station, which emerged at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries during the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway. Previously unknown archival station plans are published, and the current state and use of the surviving buildings are analyzed in the context of urban development.
subject: refereed articles - heritage
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creator: Ekaterina Glatolenkova
creator: Mikhail Bazilevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Екатерина Глатоленкова, Михаил Базилевич https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 161
ending page: 165
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2693

Russian architectural heritage in Changchun
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description: The article is devoted to the study of Russian architecture in the territory of the modern city of Changchun (People’s Republic of China). In total, two large centers were identified: the Kuanchenzi station and the “Trade Port” area, a complex of buildings of the Russian-Chinese bank and two sidings. Most of the work is devoted to the formation of the architectural and planning image of the Kuanchenzi station and the factors that influenced the development process. The phenomenon of this station itself is unique within the framework of both the South Manchurian Railway and the CER. Contemporaries have repeatedly noted the high economic and social significance of this place, but it did not receive development either during the construction of the South Manchurian Railway or after the Russo-Japanese War.
subject: refereed articles - heritage
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creator: Dmitry Tceluiko
creator: Mikhail Bazilevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Дмитрий Целуйко, Михаил Базилевич https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 154
ending page: 160
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2692

Architectural landscape of Yimianpo
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description: The article presents the materials and results of the study conducted by the authors with the support of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation “Methods for integrating historical building zones and preserving cultural heritage sites in the context of the development of modern cities in northeast China”. This article provides a brief historical overview of the development of the planning structure and architectural landscape of the village of Yimianpo founded along the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER). Zones of historically significant development are identified, and individual architectural heritage sites are examined.
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creator: Mikhail Bazilevich
creator: Dmitry Tceluiko
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Михаил Базилевич, Дмитрий Целуйко https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 148
ending page: 153
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2691

Historical context in the preservation of Khabarovsk architecture
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description: The article examines the history of the formation of the architecture of Khabarovsk, one of the key historical cities of the Far East. It presents the periodization of the development of the city’s architecture in the context of economic and political processes. The article notes the features of historical development and modern problems associated with its preservation and integration into the urban landscape. It also emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach that covers both architectural and historical aspects. This approach allows us to develop effective strategies for preserving and modernizing historical zones.
subject: refereed articles - heritage
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creator: Tatiana Smolianinova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Татьяна Смольянинова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 142
ending page: 147
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2690

The legacy of industrial Khabarovsk in the early 20th century
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description: The article is devoted to industrial objects of the historical part of the city of Khabarovsk of the early 20th century. The work presents the interim results of a scientific study conducted within the framework of the project entitled “Methods of integration of historical development zones and preservation of cultural heritage sites in the context of development of a large city”. The locations of preserved historical industrial objects are analyzed. Three key objects are considered, these are the complex of buildings of Tifontai, the Khlebnikov distillery and the refrigerator building. It was proposed to include them in the museum and exhibition framework of the city.
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creator: Tatiana Smolianinova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Татьяна Смольянинова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 136
ending page: 141
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2689

Rural tourism in the Tyumen region: potential of the Yarkovsky district
type: item
description: The Tyumen region rivals historical regions of central Russia in its diversity of cultural heritage sites. Within Siberia, it can be considered one of the most interesting historical and cultural areas. In the Yarkovsky district of the Tyumen region, along with a wide variety of historical, cultural, and natural resources, there are unique sites associated with the lives of Saints Hermogenes, Bishop of Tobolsk and Siberia, Saint Andronicus, the New Martyr Father Feodor Raspopov, the family of the last Russian Emperor Nicholas Romanov, the birthplace of Grigory Rasputin, and others. These sites could serve as the basis for developing tourist routes on a variety of themes.
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creator: Oleg Poroshin
creator: Maria Gaiduk
creator: Elena Sitnikova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Олег Порошин, Мария Гайдук, Елена Ситникова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 130
ending page: 135
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2687

Cybernotopics and lineaments
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description: It is necessary to turn from the planar chain characteristics of the surface and the static a priori placement of people and objects in space to cybernotopic codes for constructing space as a cast of the hidden stress-strain state of the Earth. Landscape possibilities of space should be considered through the prism of the unity of spatial bodies, forms, functions and meanings based on the patterns of spatial self-organization. The cybernotopic vision of space implies understanding that it has grown naturally out of the past and reflects the perception of the Earth as a complex organism. Cybernotopic space can be studied using lineaments reflecting a single fractal system for the Earth
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creator: Zlata Gaevskaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Злата Гаевская https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 124
ending page: 129
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2686

Urban agglomeration: integrity or discreteness?
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description: A critical examination of the concept of “agglomeration”, which was borrowed by urban planning from the field of metallurgy, calls for its rethinking and filling with more adequate professional content that meets the interests of forming a community of independent cities that preserve their borders, natural surroundings, architectural face, historical and cultural identity. The thesis is substantiated that, unlike individual cities, agglomerations should not strive to achieve organic integrity. They should remain discrete, based on the principle of “additive” summation of the elements of an open system.
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creator: Igor Bondarenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Игорь Бондаренко https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 120
ending page: 123
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2685

Monumental art: Visual and cultural analysis
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description: Human societies naturally give rise to memorial art, which reflects regional geography and values. This study examines the role of memorials in enhancing environmental aesthetics and increasing public awareness, with a focus on sculptures that incorporate Arabic script. Its importance comes from highlighting the memorial's design, materials, and artistic impact on viewers' intellectual and emotional perception to create captivating outdoor spaces and go beyond traditional indoor murals.
subject: refereed articles
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creator: Issam Ali Salman Aldwairi
creator: Osamah Abdel Qader Suliman Bani Milhem
creator: Saleem Mohammad Ali Ayesh
creator: Manal Hasan Jamil Barqawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Иссам Али Салман Альдвайри, Осама Абдель Кадер Сулиман Бани Мильхем, Салим Мохаммад Али Айеш, Манал Хасан Джамиль Баркави https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 112
ending page: 119
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2683

Architectural lighting of modern palliative care facilities
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description: The article considers an integrated approach to creating expressive images of the internal and external spaces of palliative institutions in two forms – with natural and artificial lighting. The priority of natural lighting that meets regional standards is indicated. The article proposes division into public and functional areas and gives special recommendations for their artificial lighting. The attention is focused on artificial night lighting of the palliative care facility building and the lighting design of its territory. The negative physiological, economic, and energy consequences of indiscriminate light pollution are revealed.
subject: refereed articles
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creator: Asmik Klochko
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Асмик Клочко https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 106
ending page: 111
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2682

Housing as an urban development object (1920s–1950s)
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description: Approaches to housing design were determined by the contradictory requirements of Soviet urban planning. In the 1920s, there was a transition from the idea of the dominance of low-rise settlements to the construction of large multi-story residential complexes. In the 1930s, the need to demonstrate the successes of the Soviet government required the inclusion of housing in ensembles. At the same time, the realities of Soviet urban planning were determined by the industrial-departmental system, which viewed the city as something secondary in relation to industry. In the post-war period, housing was built into grandiose projects of ensembles – “Victory monuments”. But in practice, the city was a collection of low-rise settlements. In the first half of the 1950s, urban planning tasks were adjusted to the possibilities of standard construction.
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creator: Anna Vasilieva
creator: Yulia Kosenkova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Анна Васильева, Юлия Косенкова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 100
ending page: 105
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2681

The possibilities of decarbonization in wooden housing construction
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description: The article discusses the use of the “Green” standard for individual housing construction for the design of a wooden house-transformer using double-beam technology to improve the energy efficiency of the house and the assessment of savings in investment and operating costs, including through energy savings during operation, as well as the calculation of the potential for reducing CO2 emissions, including the use of alternative energy sources and tools for motivating their use in Siberia.
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creator: Vera Pechenkina
creator: Lyudmila Fatkulina- Yaskova
creator: Sergey Medvedev
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Вера Печенкина, Людмила Фаткулина-Яськова, Сергей Медведев https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 96
ending page: 99
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2680

Innovative biomimetic parametric timber structures
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description: This article examines the integration of biomimetic principles and parametric methods with engineered timber in architectural design. Analysing Metropol Parasol, Pompidou-Metz, Pulp Pavilion, ITECH, and Bowooss pavilions shows how biological analogues inspire innovative timber forms. Parametric tools mediate biomimetic logic into efficient, responsive designs. Digital fabrication enhances the versatility, sustainability, and complexity of timber. The study establishes a validated taxonomy that links theory and practice, promoting biomimetic-parametric synergy and interdisciplinary, bio-informed design approaches..
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creator: Kachana Kasulu
creator: Olga Volichenko
creator: Philipp Abramyan
creator: Beisen Kariev
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Качана Касулу, Ольга Воличенко, Филипп Абрамян, Бейсен Кариев https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 84
ending page: 95
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2679

On the diversity of intelligence
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description: Intelligence as one of the ways of understanding the world can manifest itself in a wide range of diverse forms. Nevertheless, there is a steady tendency to reduce various forms of intelligence to a certain generalized, average value. Using the example of two periods of accelerated scientific and technological development (the sixties and eighties of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries), it is shown that the predominance of the trend towards uniformity gives progress an inhumane and pathogenic character. On the contrary, encouraging diversity in the manifestations of intelligence accelerates innovation and gives them more humane forms.
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creator: Konstantin Lidin
creator: Svetlana Golovnya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Константин Лидин, Светлана Головня https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 80
ending page: 83
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2678

On the peculiarities of architectural thinking
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description: The article examines the specifics of architectural creativity. It shows the mechanisms of interaction between the architectural and spatial environment and the human factor, as well as the psychological features of the architect’s activity. The article highlights the importance of the figurative component in the system of factors influencing the architectural design process. The principles of national and regional understanding of form in architecture are studied at two levels: the ideological and value foundations of the cultural tradition of the people are determined, and the formal and aesthetic features of regional and national architectural thinking are analyzed. It is concluded that the ability of an architect to create not just buildings, but living harmonious spaces that influence the perception of the world is the peculiarity of architectural thinking.
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creator: Baizhan Balykbaev
creator: Kamilya Sultanova
creator: Gulnara Maulenova
creator: Niyaz Sarzhanov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Байжан Балыкбаев, Камиля Султанова, Гульнара Мауленова, Нияз Саржанов https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 76
ending page: 79
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2677

Metaphors and creativity in architectural design
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description: The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between metaphorical thinking and creativity in the field of architectural design. Based on the definition of metaphor as the transfer of an element to another context, the authors list the main types of contexts, the elements of which are most actively used in architecture. Several examples of metaphorical thinking in specific architectural projects are considered. It is concluded that a high degree of creativity is achieved through the informal, archetypal use of metaphors based on deep layers of collective cultural and historical heritage.
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creator: Saeed Hussein Alhmoud
creator: Husam Hussein Alhmoud
creator: Anas Mohammad Bataineh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Сайед Хуссейн Альхмуд, Хусам Хуссейн Альхмуд, Анас Мухаммед Батайнех https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 70
ending page: 75
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2676

Conceptual design: A search space
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description: The authors show that project and scientific activities have an antinomic relationship. The project requires going deeper into the singular, and the result of the project is unique. The scientific activity requires generalization of particular (single) results, and the result is universal. This paradigm allows us to formalize the concept of the “search space for design solutions”. The authors formalize the structure of the search space for conceptual solutions using the concept of constructs introduced by the Soviet philosopher and logician S. P. Nikanorov. Constructs are a universal language for design patterns.
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creator: Alexander Gushchin
creator: Marina Divakova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Александр Гущин, Марина Дивакова https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 64
ending page: 69
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2675

in brief
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description: The second half of 2025 is marked by striking architectural events: Days of Architecture in Novosibirsk and Omsk and the XXV anniversary festival «ZVS» in Irkutsk (see a separate block of materials in this issue of PB).
subject: community
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creator: Elena Grigoryeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Елена Григорьева https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 12
ending page: 12
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2674

Cultural heritage in the design of sustainable cities
type: item
description: Modeling cities is becoming an increasingly urgent task. The prevailing trend today is the construction of multifactor models using the capabilities of machine processing of big data. Modeling using heuristic algorithms that rely on a human-machine dialogue looks the most promising. The article presents the results of an experiment on the application of the “Great Wall Construction Algorithm” (GWCA) heuristic to simultaneously take into account extremely heterogeneous parameters – energy efficiency of buildings and their cultural and historical value. It is shown that the use of the GWCA heuristic significantly improves the quality of the model.
subject: refereed articles
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creator: Mwfeq Al Haddad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Мвфек Аль-Хаддад https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 58
ending page: 63
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2671

Rappaport’s triads
type: item
description: The article presents history and description of the triadic system of vision organization. The author emphasizes the importance of the triad principle for Rappaport’s thinking. He characterizes the triads in his theory of architecture.
subject: refereed articles
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creator: Petr Kapustin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Пётр Капустин https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 56
ending page: 57
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2670

“Everything should be in its place”
type: item
description: Rappaport’s universalism is defined as a childishly open view of the world. The article describes in detail his understanding of thinking as mental freedom, of architecture in the context of civilization and culture, of time and space, and of education as a joint mental activity.
subject: refereed articles
  topic: section
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creator: Leonid Salmin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Леонид Салмин https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 54
ending page: 55
doi: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/86.2669